In the hot summer, people's favorite fruit is watermelon, and eating an iced watermelon makes us extremely cool. Then do you know the identification method of watermelon seeds and the issues that watermelon field cultivation needs to pay attention to? The following will help you solve the above two problems. JIANGMEN EASY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.easylife-tech.com
First, teach you to identify watermelon seed watermelon seed quality is good or bad, is to achieve high yield, high quality, high efficiency basis. In order to ensure that melon farmers purchase good quality varieties of watermelon, please pay attention to the following aspects when purchasing watermelon seeds.
1, purity. Purity refers to the percentage of seeds in the tested seed that meet the characteristics of the variety. In other words, the higher the percentage, the better the seed quality.
2, the degree of clarity. Clarity refers to the percentage of weight of pure seeds divided by the weight of all tested seeds, except for inclusions.
3, a thousand grain weight. Thousand-grain weight refers to the weight of a thousand watermelon seeds. The 1000-grain weight of different varieties is different, but the 1000-grain weight of seeds of the same variety is basically certain. Under the condition of standard water content, the 1000-grain weight of seeds reflects the fullness of seeds, and the seed quality with 1000-grain weight is better. It's impossible to count one kilogram of itself when calculating the 1000-grain weight. It takes time and effort to weigh. You can use some tools to operate, for example: electronic automatic counting instrument, electronic automatic counting instrument, also known as microcomputer Automatic counting instrument, microcomputer automatic control, touch buttons, fully automated operation. Several grain speeds are adjustable, no noise, and high accuracy. This will save you a lot of trouble.
Water content The seed moisture content has a greater impact on seed life and shelf life. The moisture content of seeds stored at room temperature should be kept below 12% to 14%. In other words, the lower the water content, the higher the seed quality.
4, germination rate. Seed germination rate refers to the percentage of normal germinating seeds in the final period of the germination test. The germination rate (%) = the number of germinated seeds per 100% of the test dates/the number of seeds for the test, and the germination rate is one of the criteria for determining the size of the seeding. The germination rate of the first seed is not less than 95%, and the secondary seed germination rate should be 80%. Second, the watermelon field should pay attention to the earthworms. The first step is to disinfect the soil. The field where the watermelon is planted can be disinfected with 1 to 2 square meters of 3-5 grams of carbendazim or 100 kilos of lime. (The above two methods are all ploughed after sowing, so that the soil is mixed and the lime cannot be used. Year after year). Insect pests can be used for spotted nests with soil insecticides or field pesticides.
The second is the re-application of base fertilizer. The base fertilizer can be selected from the following formulas: 3,000 kg of farmyard fertilizer, 100 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 40 kg of potassium sulfate; or 3000 kg of chicken and duck dung (after fermentation of fresh manure), 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 30 kg of potassium sulfate.
The third is the field car. After the fertilizer is evenly mixed in the soil, press 2.5-3.5 meters to open the car (bagging ditch). If the intercropping is carried out, the melon road will be 1.3 meters long and other 1.3 meters of other vegetables will be used, so that the amount of base fertilizer used for watermelon melons will be halved. If potassium sulfate is not available, 10 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per acre can be used instead. The effect is better. Then apply the good fertilizer melon road straighten and finely and completely before the planting, do well, the ditch is more than 20 centimeters deep, do a good ditch (the ditch should be 30 centimeters, reach the rain to stop the water, the ditch can dry).
The fourth is weeding with chemical agents. Because of the large area of ​​the watermelon field, manual weeding is very troublesome. After the experiment showed that the soil was sprayed before the film was covered, the following herbicides were effective: trifluralin, durle, gramineous and purslane, tetrabexin, aconite, napropamide, grass and sedge Control efficiency is quite good.
Third, a watermelon disease prevention and control of pests and diseases of watermelon are mainly damping-off disease, blight, blight, powdery mildew, anthrax and so on. If you suffer from damping-off and blight, use carbendazim and green hen No. 1 for seed bed disinfection; if you have wilt, you can use 15% of watermelon broth No. 1 300-350 times Irrigation. 0.5 kg each time, 3-4 tablets of true leaves after colonization, the control effect is better; if it is powdery mildew and anthrax, Chlorothalonil, thiophanate-methyl, powder rust, etc. .
Insect pests of watermelon mainly include insects, aphids, ladybugs, root beetles, and red spiders. The control agents may be alternately controlled with avermectin, dichlorvos, and dichlorvos, and roots may be treated with trichlorfon. Promote the installation of insecticidal lamps and yellow traps for physical control. It is worth mentioning that now the root-knot nematode is very serious and there are outbreaks in many areas. Root-knot nematodes mainly infect the plants at the seedling stage, causing great harm. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a plot with no root knot nematode. If nematodes are found after colonization of seedlings, avermectin agents such as 1% aphids 2000 times solution and 1.8% abadin 3000 times solution can be used to irrigate roots. Daejeon can use pesticides such as phoxim, merrol, thiocarbacarb, diazinon, and chlorpyrifos during soil preparation.
Watermelon is hi-hot, extremely cold-resistant, with large bodies and thick skin, but it is not resistant to storage. Watermelon is sensitive to low temperature, and it has cold symptoms when it is stored below 9.5°C. However, when it is stored at high temperature, the sugar content decreases and then it rots.